“The war has to end in a manner that there is accountability – not only economic recovery and justice, but also accountability,” says EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell.

He also suggested that $300 billion of Russian state assets frozen in the West could eventually be used to help Ukraine rebuild after the war.

“That could be used in order to pay for the accountability and for the compensation for the people who suffer it and for the destruction that has been produced by the Russian invasion,” Borrell said.

Russian President Vladimir Putin faces an arrest warrant from the International Criminal Court and some of Moscow’s lower-ranking troops have been tried in absentia in Ukraine for individual incidents.

Ukraine has made prosecuting Russia’s crimes a key part of its proposal for any eventual peace agreement.