So, I have always just used one browser, Firefox, with javascript and cookies turned off and whitelisted sites that I needed to use that required javascript or cookies or both to actually work.
My threat model isn’t the tightest and could best be described as “I don’t see why they should have my data if I am blocking the ads they use it to try to deliver to me”. This browser setup coupled with tracking blocking at the DNS level has made me feel comfortable that while some of my data is being collected I am stopping most of the collection.
With the advance of fingerprinting and the recent change of a certain browser’s terms of use it is probably time to review this setup.
I believe that it is usually advisable to use two different browsers. One where you are identifying yourself by logging in and one where you are just browsing. As logging into sites usually involves javascript and cookies I was going to use Librewolf with javascript and cookies turned off for general browsing and Mullvad browser as it comes for sites that require javascript and cookies.
I feel as though I have read a thousand discussions on this subject over the years so I apologise. Does anyone have any suggestions for a more private setup browser-wise? Tracking blocking at DNS level will continue and I’m on debian-based linux.
Thanks for any help in advance.
Tor browser inherently uses tor, as the other comment says, Mulvad offers tor browser sans tor as Mulvad browser. As per the “do you tor over VPN” issue I think we need to first cover some networking concepts…
So your internet works via protocols, UDP provides a basic connection where you can send unordered messages, TCP works on top of UDP to provide linear order. Things like old video chat and bittorrent work over UDP because you don’t care about order, you just want the data as you get it, so the video freezes or glitches, but you get the most recent frame of the video. Things like programs and webpages aren’t YOLO about data integrity, so they use TCP which enforces order, so you don’t get frames from 1 minute later in your Netflix video out of sync. VPNs provide UDP, which is lower level than TCP, which tor provides, so you can tor over VPN but you cannot VPN over tor.
If you use Mulvad browser from your VPN, you will look like everyone using Mulvad browser from your VPN exit point, which may well just be you, it’s fairly esoteric. If you use tor browser, you will appear to be exiting from a tor exit node along with hundreds if not thousands of other tor browser users.
[edit: just realized I forgot to actually address the is it worse to tor over vpn question. There is no privacy impact per you and the site, the question is state surveillance. Mentaloutlaw on Odysee says the feds will extra look at things if you tor from a VPN, but I really don’t buy that’s how anything works, I think most non-Germany state actors would look at ISP-level tor use to lock you up and not deal with the headache of subpoenaing a VPN provider to find out one rando is using tor]
You got most things right about UDP and TCP. They both work in the transport layer of the OSI model. They are also completely different protocols, related yes but independent.
UDP is “simpler” as it basically throws data packages in to the network and hope they reach their destination. TCP on the other hand has checks in place that verifies that a data package has actually reached its destination.